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- ftp://sipb.mit.edu/pub/whois/whois-servers.list
-
- List of Internet whois servers, 8 March 2000 (Version 4.19)
-
- This list was collected and compiled by Matt Power of M.I.T.
-
- Questions or comments about this list should be sent to the address:
-
- mhpower@mit.edu
-
-
- Preferred server name Associated institution
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
- whois.alabanza.com Alabanza, Inc C=US
- whois.compuserve.com CompuServe Interactive Services, Inc C=US
- whois.discount-domain.com interQ Inc. C=JP
- dns411.com Name.Space C=US
- whois.domaindiscover.com TierraNet, Inc. C=US
- whois.domainpeople.com NetNation Communications Inc. C=CA
- whois.easyspace.com EasySpace Ltd. C=GB
- whois.enom.com eNom, Inc. C=US
- whois.geektools.com CenterGate Research Group, LLC C=US
- whois.ibm.com IBM C=US
- whois.internetnamesww.com Melbourne IT C=AU
- whois.names4ever.com A+Net Registrar C=US
- whois.namesecure.com Maaznet Directory Service Inc. C=US
- whois.networksolutions.com Network Solutions, Inc. C=US
- whois.pacbell.com Pacific Bell C=US
- whois.register.com Forman Interactive Corp C=US
- whois.registrars.com Internet Domain Registrars C=US
- whois.sunquest.com Sunquest Information Systems C=US
-
- whois.berkeley.edu University of California at Berkeley C=US
- www.binghamton.edu State University of New York at Binghamton C=US
- finger.caltech.edu California Institute of Technology C=US
- csufresno.edu California State University - Fresno C=US
- csuhayward.edu California State University - Hayward C=US
- csus.edu California State University - Sacramento C=US
- whois.cwru.edu Case Western Reserve University C=US
- cc.fsu.edu Florida State University C=US
- directory.gatech.edu Georgia Institute of Technology C=US
- gettysburg.edu Gettysburg College C=US
- gmu.edu George Mason University C=US
- whois.dfci.harvard.edu Dana-Farber Cancer Institute C=US
- hmc.edu Harvey Mudd College C=US
- indiana.edu Indiana University C=US
- nii.isi.edu US Domain Registry C=US
- whois.isi.edu .INT Whois Service C=US
- whois.messiah.edu Messiah College C=US
- whois.rsmas.miami.edu University of Miami, Rosentiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences C=US
- mit.edu Massachusetts Institute of Technology C=US
- directory.msstate.edu Mississippi State University C=US
- vax2.winona.msus.edu Minnesota State University - Winona C=US
- info.nau.edu Northern Arizona University C=US
- whois.ncsu.edu North Carolina State University C=US
- nd.edu University of Notre Dame C=US
- earth.njit.edu New Jersey Institute of Technology C=US
- vm1.nodak.edu North Dakota State University C=US
- austin.onu.edu Ohio Northern University C=US
- ph.orst.edu Oregon State University C=US
- osu.edu Ohio State University C=US
- whois.oxy.edu Occidental College C=US
- info.psu.edu Pennsylvania State University C=US
- whois.cc.rochester.edu University of Rochester C=US
- whitepages.rutgers.edu Rutgers University C=US
- whois.sdsu.edu San Diego State University C=US
- stanford.edu Stanford University C=US
- camis.stanford.edu Stanford University C=US
- stjohns.edu St. John's University C=US
- sunysb.edu State University of New York, Stony Brook C=US
- whois.bcm.tmc.edu Baylor College of Medicine C=US
- whois.ubalt.edu University of Baltimore C=US
- directory.ucdavis.edu University of California at Davis C=US
- uchicago.edu University of Chicago C=US
- ucsd.edu University of California at San Diego C=US
- weber.ucsd.edu University of California at San Diego, Division of Social Sciences C=US
- cgl.ucsf.edu University of California at San Francisco, School of Pharmacy C=US
- whois.uh.edu University of Houston C=US
- whois.umass.edu University of Massachusetts at Amherst C=US
- lookup.umd.edu University of Maryland C=US
- umn.edu University of Minnesota C=US
- ns.unl.edu University of Nebraska at Lincoln C=US
- whois.upenn.edu University of Pennsylvania C=US
- x500.utexas.edu University of Texas at Austin C=US
- netlib2.cs.utk.edu na-net (linear algebra on computers) C=US
- whois.virginia.edu University of Virginia C=US
- whois.wfu.edu Wake Forest University C=US
- wisc.edu University of Wisconsin C=US
- wpi.wpi.edu Worcester Polytechnic Institute C=US
- ibc.wustl.edu Washington University C=US
-
- vm1.hqadmin.doe.gov U.S. Department of Energy Headquarters C=US
- wp.doe.gov U.S. Department of Energy C=US
- llnl.gov Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory C=US
- x500.arc.nasa.gov NASA Ames Research Center C=US
- x500.gsfc.nasa.gov NASA Goddard Space Flight Center C=US
- whois.hq.nasa.gov NASA Headquarters C=US
- x500.ivv.nasa.gov NASA Software Independent Verification & Validation Facility C=US
- whois.jpl.nasa.gov NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory C=US
- x500.jsc.nasa.gov NASA Johnson Space Center C=US
- larc.nasa.gov NASA Langley Research Center C=US
- whois.larc.nasa.gov NASA Langley Research Center C=US
- x500.msfc.nasa.gov NASA Marshall Space Flight Center C=US
- x500.ssc.nasa.gov NASA Stennis Space Center C=US
- x500.wstf.nasa.gov NASA White Sands Test Facility C=US
- x500.nasa.gov National Aeronautics and Space Administration C=US
- wp.nersc.gov National Energy Research Supercomputer Center C=US
- whois.nic.gov Center for Email Technology C=US
- seda.sandia.gov Sandia National Laboratories C=US
-
- whois.nic.mil DoD Network Information Center C=US
- whois.nrl.navy.mil Naval Research Laboratory C=US
-
- whois.6bone.net 6bone Registry C=US
- whois.abuse.net Network Abuse Clearinghouse C=US
- whois.aco.net Austrian Academic Computer Network C=AT
- whois.apnic.net Asia Pacific Network Information Center C=SC
- whois.arin.net American Registry for Internet Numbers C=US
- whois.aunic.net The .AU Registry C=AU
- whois.awregistry.net All West Communications C=US
- whois.cary.net CARYNET & HK eDNS Whois server C=HK
- whois.corenic.net CORE Internet Council of Registrars C=CH
- whois.crsnic.net Network Solutions, Inc. for Shared Registration System C=US
- whois.cw.net Cable & Wireless USA C=US
- wp.es.net Energy Sciences Network C=US
- whois.hinet.net Chunghwa Telecom C=TW
- ds.internic.net Network Solutions, Inc. (non-MILNET/non-POC) C=US
- whois.internic.net Network Solutions, Inc. C=US
- whois.ja.net JANET C=GB
- whois.krnic.net Korea Network Information Center C=KR
- whois.lac.net Latin America & Caribbean Whois Server C=EC
- companies.mci.net RFC 2345 TLD-WHOIS demonstration server C=US
- whois.nameit.net nameIT C=US
- whois.netnames.net NetNames (.AF, .BT, .PW, .TM) C=GB
- whois.nomination.net NomiNation (.GB.COM, .GB.NET, .UK.COM, .UK.NET) C=GB
- whois.nsiregistry.net Network Solutions, Inc. C=US
- whois.oleane.net OLEANE SA C=FR
- whois.opensrs.net Open Shared Registration System C=US
- pcdc.net Pacific Communications Development Corp. C=TW
- whois.ra.net The Routing Arbiter Project C=US
- whois.ripe.net Reseaux IP Europeens C=NL
- whois.ripn.net Russian Institute for Public Networks C=RU
- whois.thnic.net Thailand Network Information Center C=TH
- whois.twnic.net Taiwan Network Information Center C=TW
-
- whois.dhs.org Domain Host Services C=AU
- whois.morris.org Morris Automated Information Network C=US
-
- whois.nic.ac nic.ac C=AC
- whois.nic.am AM Network Information Centre C=AM
- whois.nic.as ASNIC C=AS
- wp.tuwien.ac.at Technische Universitat Wien C=AT
- whois.risc.uni-linz.ac.at Research Institute for Symbolic Computation, University of Linz C=AT
- whois.wu-wien.ac.at Wirtschaftsuniversitaet Wien C=AT
- archie.au Australian Academic and Research Network C=AU
- whois.connect.com.au Connect.com.au Pty Ltd C=AU
- whois.adelaide.edu.au University of Adelaide C=AU
- whois.monash.edu.au Monash University C=AU
- uwa.edu.au University of Western Australia C=AU
- sserve.cc.adfa.oz.au University College, Australian Defense Force Academy C=AU
- whois.kuleuven.ac.be Katholieke Universiteit Leuven C=BE
- whois.belnet.be Belgian National Research Network C=BE
- whois.registro.br registro.br C=BR
- whois.camosun.bc.ca Camosun College, Victoria, B.C. C=CA
- whois.canet.ca Bell Canada Internet Transit Service C=CA
- whois.cdnnet.ca CDNnet C=CA
- whois.queensu.ca Queen's University, Kingston, Canada C=CA
- ac.nsac.ns.ca Nova Scotia Agricultural College C=CA
- whois.unb.ca University of New Brunswick C=CA
- panda1.uottawa.ca University of Ottawa C=CA
- dvinci.usask.ca University of Saskatchewan, Engineering C=CA
- whois.usask.ca University of Saskatchewan C=CA
- phys.uvic.ca University of Victoria, Physics & Astronomy C=CA
- whois.uwo.ca University of Western Ontario C=CA
- whois.nic.cc NIC.CC Registration Services C=CC
- whois.nic.ch SWITCH Swiss Academic and Research Network C=CH
- whois.nic.ck Cook Islands Network Information Centre C=CK
- whois.nic.cl U. de Chile (NIC Chile) C=CL
- whois.cnnic.net.cn Computer Network Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences C=CN
- whois.ci.ucr.ac.cr University of Costa Rica Computer Center C=CR
- whois.cuni.cz Charles University, Prague C=CZ
- whois.mff.cuni.cz Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics C=CZ
- www.fce.vutbr.cz Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Brno C=CZ
- gopher.fme.vutbr.cz Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Brno C=CZ
- whois.fee.vutbr.cz Faculty of Elec. Eng. and Computer Sci., Technical Univ. of Brno C=CZ
- whois.vutbr.cz Technical University of Brno C=CZ
- whois.fh-koeln.de Fachhochschule Koeln C=DE
- whois.fzi.de Forschungszentrum Informatik C=DE
- hermes.informatik.htw-zittau.de HTW Zittau/Goerlitz Elektrotechnik/Informatik C=DE
- whois.nic.de DEutsches Network Information Center C=DE
- whois.th-darmstadt.de Darmstadt University of Technology C=DE
- whois.tu-chemnitz.de Technische Universitaet Chemnitz C=DE
- whois.uni-regensburg.de Universitaet Regensburg C=DE
- whois.uni-c.dk Danish Computing Centre for Research and Education C=DK
- whois.ut.ee University of Tartu C=EE
- whois.eunet.es EUnet, Goya, Spain C=ES
- whois.dit.upm.es Tech. Univ. Madrid, Telecommunications Highschool C=ES
- cs.hut.fi Helsinki University of Technology C=FI
- oulu.fi Oulu University C=FI
- vtt.fi Technical Research Centre of Finland C=FI
- whois.nic.fr Association Francaise pour le Nommage Internet en Cooperation C=FR
- whois.nordnet.fr NordNet C=FR
- whois.univ-lille1.fr University of Sciences and Technologies of Lille - France C=FR
- whois.hknic.net.hk HKNIC C=HK
- whois.registry.hm HM Domain Registry C=HM
- whois.iisc.ernet.in Indian Institute of Science C=IN
- whois.ncst.ernet.in National Centre for Software Technology C=IN
- isgate.is Association of Research Networks in Iceland C=IS
- isgate3.isnet.is Internet a Islandi C=IS
- pgebrehiwot.iat.cnr.it Nigerian TLD Registration Service C=NG
- dsa.nis.garr.it GARR-NIS c/o CNR-CNUCE C=IT
- whois.nic.it Italian Network Information Center C=IT
- whois.nic.mx Network Information Center - Mexico C=MX
- whois.aist-nara.ac.jp Nara Institute of Science and Technology C=JP
- whois-server.l.chiba-u.ac.jp Chiba University C=JP
- whois.hiroshima-u.ac.jp Hiroshima University C=JP
- gopher.educ.cc.keio.ac.jp Science and Technology Computing Center, Keio University C=JP
- whois.cc.keio.ac.jp Keio University C=JP
- whois.cc.uec.ac.jp University of Electro-Communications C=JP
- whois.yamanashi.ac.jp Yamanashi University C=JP
- whois.nic.ad.jp Japan Network Information Center C=JP
- www.orions.ad.jp Osaka Regional Information and Open Network Systems C=JP
- whois.domain.kg Kyrgyzstan TLD C=KZ
- sorak.kaist.ac.kr Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology C=KR
- whois.nic.or.kr Korea Network Information Center C=KR
- whois.domain.kz Kazahstan Domain Name Registry C=KZ
- whois.nic.li SWITCH Swiss Academic and Research Network C=LI
- whois.nic.lk Sri Lanka Domain Registry C=LK
- www.restena.lu RESTENA C=LU
- whois.nic.mm MM-NIC C=MM
- www.nic.mx NIC-Mexico C=MX
- condor.dgsca.unam.mx Univ. Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, D.G. de Servicios de Computo Academico C=MX
- domain-registry.nl Stichting Internet Domeinregistratie Nederland C=NL
- whois.norid.no UNINETT FAS (NORID) C=NO
- whois.nic.nu .NU Domain Ltd C=NU
- whois.canterbury.ac.nz University of Canterbury C=NZ
- directory.vuw.ac.nz Victoria University, Wellington C=NZ
- waikato.ac.nz Waikato University C=NZ
- whois.patho.gen.nz PATHOGEN C=NZ
- whois.domainz.net.nz Domainz -- The New Zealand Internet Registry Ltd C=NZ
- whois.rcp.net.pe Red Cientifica Peruana C=PE
- whois.icm.edu.pl Interdyscyplinarne Centrum Modelowania Matematycznego i Komputero C=PL
- whois.elka.pw.edu.pl Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology C=PL
- whois.ia.pw.edu.pl Institute of Automatic Control, Warsaw University of Technology C=PL
- whois.dns.pt Fundacao para a Computacao Cientifica Nacional C=PT
- dsa.fccn.pt Fundacao para a Computacao Cientifica Nacional C=PT
- chalmers.se Chalmers University of Technology C=SE
- kth.se Royal Institute of Technology C=SE
- whois.nic-se.se Network Information Centre Sweden C=SE
- sics.se Swedish Institute of Computer Science C=SE
- whois.nic.net.sg Singapore Network Information Centre C=SG
- whois.nic.sh NIC.SH Domain Registry C=SH
- whois.uakom.sk SANET (WAN of Slovak academic institutions) C=SK
- whois.nic.st Domain Council of Sao Tome and Principe C=ST
- whois.adamsnames.tc AdamsNames (.GS, .MS, .TC, .TF, .VG) C=TC
- whois.nic.tj TJ-NIC C=TJ
- whois.tonic.to Tonic Domain Name Registry C=TO
- whois.metu.edu.tr Middle East Technical University C=TR
- whois.seed.net.tw Seednet C=TW
- whois.iii.org.tw Institution for Information Industry C=TW
- src.doc.ic.ac.uk Imperial College C=GB
- whois.lut.ac.uk Loughborough University C=GB
- whois.nic.uk Nominet UK (.UK Domain Registrar) C=GB
- dsa.shu.ac.uk Sheffield Hallam University C=GB
- whois.state.ct.us Department of Administrative Services, State of Connecticut C=US
- info.cnri.reston.va.us Corporation for National Research Initiatives, Knowbot interface C=US
- whois.frd.ac.za National Research Foundation C=ZA
- whois.und.ac.za University of Natal (Durban) C=ZA
- whois.co.za Foundation for Research Development C=ZA
-
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- "Documentation", and other comments...
-
-
- Redistribution
- --------------
- If you redistribute this list, or excerpt a significant number of
- entries from it, be sure to also pass along the original anonymous-FTP
- location, and request that updates be sent to my e-mail address, as
- specified at the top of this file. This will allow users to obtain
- updated versions at a later time, and will help ensure that I get the
- information I need to do the updating.
-
- Also, keep in mind that accessing a whois server requires a direct
- connection to the Internet. In general, sites that have access to the
- Internet via tcp/whois will also have access to the Internet via
- tcp/ftp, and will thus be able to obtain this file directly. Making
- the file available via a mail-based server is therefore largely
- unnecessary.
-
-
- Updates
- -------
- I am interested in any corrections to the above listing, and in
- reports of other whois servers. Please send them via e-mail to the
- address listed at the top of this file. Unless the maintainer of the
- server has already announced his whois service publicly, I will
- attempt to contact the postmaster or system maintainer prior to
- including a new entry.
-
-
- Scope
- -----
- Whois servers, at least by my definition, provide directory
- information in response to TCP queries on port 43, in a manner roughly
- analogous to the DDN NIC whois service described in RFC 954. I realize
- that many sites instead provide this directory service via the finger
- protocol, or accept queries by mail for directory information.
- Although I'd be happy to receive reports of these, the scope of this
- particular listing is limited to the TCP whois service.
-
- There are a few hosts that accept tcp/whois connections, but respond
- with information identical to that given by a standard finger server.
- Since I don't consider this a directory service, I have been omitting
- these hosts.
-
-
- Unlisted servers
- ----------------
- I know of some other whois servers that aren't listed above (at their
- maintainers' requests), even though they allow access to at least a
- small amount of directory information. Currently, this includes
- twenty-two in North America, six in Europe, and one in Asia. Typical
- reasons include: service is about to be shut down, service is still
- being developed and will be announced later, or another server
- provides the same data in a better supported manner.
-
-
- Server names
- ------------
- There are currently three popular naming conventions for whois
- servers. The most common practice is to put whois service on a host
- as far up as possible in the organization's domain hierarchy. For
- example, the highest-level domain name associated with M.I.T. is
- MIT.EDU, and M.I.T.'s whois service is operated on the host named
- mit.edu.
-
- Another common practice is to choose 'whois' or 'wp' as the first part
- of the domain name ('wp' stands for "White Pages"). This would be the
- case if M.I.T.'s whois service were on a host named whois.mit.edu or
- wp.mit.edu. In these cases, the listed name is often an alias, not the
- host's canonical name. In selecting the name to be listed, I've given
- preference to aliases starting with whois or wp.
-
- I personally prefer the first-mentioned convention, since it results
- in shorter command lines, and ones I believe are less confusing to
- beginning Internet users. In particular, the top-level host often
- supports organization-wide mail service, and thus the same host name
- can be used for whois queries and for e-mail.
-
-
- Usage
- -----
- The most common access approach involves separately querying each
- server of interest, via a direct tcp/whois connection. However, there
- are currently a number of active projects concerned with improved
- interfaces to these servers, either by more intelligent client
- software, or by standardization of the server behavior. Eventually,
- this should eliminate the need for end users to have the complete
- collection of server names; at this point, though, distributing the
- server list to individual Internet users is still worthwhile.
-
- The procedure for accessing the whois servers will vary depending on
- your host's operating system, and on what software is installed. On
- UNIX systems, the preferred method is
-
- whois -h _server_name_ _name_of_person_
-
- If there is no whois program, sometimes it will work to type
-
- telnet _server_name_ 43
-
- and then type the "name of person" on a separate line. (The usefulness
- of this will vary depending on the details of the telnet client
- implementation installed on your system.)
-
- Alternatively, you may be able to compile a whois program yourself,
- starting from source code available at various anonymous FTP sites. As
- a start, you might try searching archie for files named 'whois.tar.Z'.
-
- Programs named 'whois' and 'telnet' may also be available on VMS
- systems. Typing 'HELP WHOIS' or 'HELP TELNET' at the DCL prompt may be
- useful.
-
- Whois programs may also be installed on other operating systems, or
- may be available for these systems via anonymous FTP. Searching archie
- for file names matching 'whois' (case insensitive) might be worthwhile.
-
- Also, system administrators interested in starting new whois servers
- will probably be able to find one or more separate source-code
- packages on anonymous FTP sites. In addition to checking archie, you
- may wish to look in the file whois-servers.source, available at the
- anonymous-FTP location listed at the top of this file.
-
-
- Other Formats of This List
- --------------------------
- Whenever this whois-servers.list file is updated, it is automatically
- converted to a few other formats. One that might be of common interest
- is a "Summary" version that contains just the server names and
- locations, one per line, and a few comment lines that each begin with
- ';'. This version can be obtained via
-
- whois -h sipb.mit.edu whois-servers
-
- or from a few replication sites that can be found by doing
-
- whois -h sipb.mit.edu whois-list-servers
-
- It's intended mainly for people who have a program to copy the server
- list occasionally (e.g., once a week) for local redistribution. If
- you're able to redistribute via whois (i.e., by supporting the query
- whois -h _your_server_name_ whois-servers), please let me know and
- I'll add you to the list of replication sites.
-
-
- Gopher Access
- -------------
- The data in this list are also available via the Internet Gopher
- system. Gopher clients should connect to the host sipb.mit.edu, port
- 70, and choose the selection "Internet whois servers". The
- whois-server entries accessible in the sipb.mit.edu Gopher server are
- automatically updated whenever this file is changed.
-
- Alternatively, one can access this same Gopher menu by connecting to a
- root Gopher server at the University of Minnesota and selecting
- "Phone Books" then "WHOIS Searches".
-
-
- AFS Access
- ----------
- Sites using Transarc's AFS (Andrew File System) software can access
- the whois-servers.list file using the AFS global name space pathname
-
- /afs/sipb.mit.edu/project/gopher-links/whois-servers.list
-
- (i.e., it is in the directory project/gopher-links relative to
- root.cell for the sipb.mit.edu cell.)
-
-
- Access Restrictions
- -------------------
- In general, these servers should only be used for isolated queries
- about specific individuals of interest. Typically, it is not
- acceptable to make an extended series of queries in an attempt to
- obtain large sections, or the entirety, of the directory. Such a
- strategy is objectionable both because of excessive consumption of
- server resources, and because the directory itself is usually
- considered proprietary. In particular, deriving lists of persons for
- distribution of commercial advertisements or solicitations is
- expressly prohibited by site policies in many cases, and could easily
- cause sites to curtail the current open access to their whois servers.
-
-
- Server problems
- ---------------
- Not all of the whois-server entries constitute a "supported" service
- within their respective domains. Even at sites where the service is
- supported, there may be occasional changes in the server host name.
- Also, at any given time, you will probably find one or more of the
- servers not operational, or apparently unusable. I have not
- purposefully included any servers that I believe have been permanently
- shut down. In all cases, either I have personally seen the server
- provide useful information within the last few months, or else the
- maintainers of the server have asked me to include it anyway, while
- they work on resolving usage problems.
-
-
- Collection
- ----------
- The list was collected primarily via an active resource-discovery
- approach involving polling selected Internet hosts for possible
- support of tcp/whois service. This was done with some attention to
- minimizing consumption of resources on other Internet hosts and
- networks. In particular, no DNS zone transfers were used to generate
- lists of polling candidates. Instead, a small number of host names in
- most second-level domains were selected, using various heuristics, and
- whois queries were attempted to each of these. All queries originated
- from hosts in the MIT.EDU domain. Also, I've been maintaining versions
- of this list since August 1990, and since then a number of persons
- have mailed me reports of new whois servers, or updates on the servers
- already listed here.
-